Nasty Norovirus Is Back in Full Force

CCases of a miserable stomach bug are surging in parts of the United States this winter, according to government data.

The most recent numbers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention show that there have been 91 outbreaks of norovirus reported during the week of December 5, from 69 fires the last week of November.

Last years numbers show a maximum of 65 fires reported during the first week of December.

A norovirus infection is characterized by sudden vomiting and diarrhea. Fires are often seen on cruise ships, in crowded living situations such as nursing homes and prisons, as well as schools and places where people are close.

Here are a few things to know about the virus.

What is norovirus?

Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, responsible for 58% of such infections acquired in the country each year, according to the CDC.

Norovirus infections are caused by a group of viruses that spread easily, with as few as 10 viral particles having the ability to make someone sick, health experts say.

There are approximately 2,500 norovirus outbreaks reported annually in the United States. Fires can occur throughout the year, but are most common from November to April.

Along with vomiting and diarrhea, common symptoms include nausea, stomach pain, body aches, headache and fever.

How do you do it?

Most norovirus outbreaks occur when people who are already infected spread the virus to others through direct means, such as by sharing food or eating utensils. Epidemics can also be spread through food, water or contaminated surfaces.

Read more: : What to know about walking pneumonia

How sick are you?

Illness caused by norovirus typically begins suddenly, with symptoms developing 12 to 48 hours after exposure to the virus. Most people get better in one to three days and make a full recovery.

But with 19 to 21 million illnesses each year in the United States, norovirus causes an average of 900 deaths and 109,000 hospitalizations annually, mostly among adults 65 and older. It also leads to 465,000 emergency department visits, mostly for children.

Who is at risk?

People of all ages can contract and become ill from norovirus. Children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems are more at risk, with dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea being the primary problem.

There is no medication to treat norovirus. Rehydration is recommended by drinking water and other liquids, with the exception of coffee, tea and alcohol.

Anyone suffering from dehydration should seek medical help. Symptoms of dehydration include decreased urination, dry mouth and throat, and feeling dizzy when standing. Dehydrated babies may be unusually sleepy or fussy and cry with little or no tears.

How can I protect myself?

Thorough and frequent hand washing is the best defense against norovirus during the peak winter season, wash your hands with soap and warm water for 20 seconds before eating.

Scrubbing the surface with household disinfectants can also help.